Article I Intervention Effects On Tobacco Use In Arab

Article I: Intervention effects on tobacco use in Arab and non-Arab American adolescents 1. Title- the title describes the study population, it does not describe the intervention, or variable that be added to both groups. Maybe a better title would have been the effects of using the modified Project Towards No Tobacco (TNT) use program on the tobacco use of Arab and non-Arab American adolescents. 2. Abstract-The problem, increasing adolescent smoking, particularly in Arabs is well described. The method-a quasi-experimental design is also identified. The results and conclusion highlighted the fact that they measured cigarette smoking which the Arab did less of, but did do more water-pipe smoking (Rice, Weglicki, Templin, Jamil, Hammad,†¦show more content†¦The Wayne State University Institutional Review Board approved the study methodology and protocol. It is also not clear whether the design minimized risks and maximized benefits, they did tailor the intervention to engage youth, by using an animated PowerPoint and also bilingual health educators (Rice, et al., 2010). B. Research design- The main problem that I see with this study is that they are using the terms tobacco use and cigarette smoking interchangeable, and they are not. One measures all use of tobacco and the other measures only cigarette smoking. They clearly state that the focus of the study intervention was on cigarette smoking only, even though both cigarettes and water pipe smoking were assessed. The title stated tobacco use, but the intervention focused on cigarette smoking. Why not include all forms of tobacco use in the intervention? Some teenagers do not smoke cigarettes but chew tobacco. Non-Arab students were two-four times more likely to engage in cigarette smoking than their Arab peers. The researchers acknowledge in their discussion the need to modify current tobacco cessation programs to diverse populations. Including diversity and as many forms of tobacco would give catch greatest number of adolescents and have the greatest impact. C. Population and sample- There were two 10th grade control groups and a 9th grade cohort group, which received the intervention. The designShow MoreRelatedThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words   |  98 Pagesthe World Summit for Social Development (Copenhagen, 6-12 March 1995) Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter Part one: background I. The drug problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A. B. C. D. E. The global context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growing plantsRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesSouthwest Airlines, 1996 C-205 Introduction Preparing an effective case analysis In most strategic management courses, cases are used extensively as a teaching tool.1 A key reason is that cases provide active learners with opportunities to use the strategic management process to identify and solve organisational problems. Thus, by analysing situations that are described in cases and presenting the results, active learners (that is, students) become skilled at effectively using the tools,Read MorePre-Columbian Period9302 Words   |  38 Pages[edit] Pre-Columbian period Main article: Pre-Columbian The earliest known inhabitants of what is now the United States are thought to have arrived in Alaska by crossing the Bering land bridge, at least 14,000 30,000 years ago.[10] Some of these groups migrated south and east, and over time spread throughout the Americas. These were the ancestors to modern Native Americans in the United States and Alaskan Native peoples, as well as all indigenous peoples of the Americas. 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INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 II.CULTURAL PATTERNS OF BRAZIL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A. Social Institutions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Historical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2. Geographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 3. Demographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 4. Political†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. Economic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13Read MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 Pages Code of practice (professional ethics) 76 General codes of ethics: 76 Examples 77 2.62- Company Operating Policy: 77 I. INTRODUCTION 78 II. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND ETHICAL BUSINESS CONDUCT 80 III. CONTRACT AUTHORITY 81 IV. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 83 V. FAIR DEALINGS 88 VI. RECEIPT OF GIFTS, LOANS, FAVORS, OR OTHER GRATUITIES 88 VII. USE OF THE COMPANY FUNDS OR OTHER RESOURCES 90 VIII. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS 93 IX. CORPORATE RECORDS 93 X. 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ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7 (paper : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for PrintedRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesFred Luthans, Jonathan Doh. 6th ed. 2006. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-811257-7 ISBN-10: 0-07-811257-5 1. International business enterprises—Management. 2. International business enterprises—Management—Case studies. I. Doh, Jonathan P. II. Hodgetts, Richard M. International management. III. Title. HD62.4.H63 2012 658 .049—dc22 2011002070 www.mhhe.com Dedicated in Memory of Richard M. Hodgetts A Pioneer in International Management Education iii ThisRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespermission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Effect Social media on the consumer buying behavior model - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2754 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/05 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Topics: Behavior Essay Did you like this example? Summary This course project is about how internet based life influences the purchasing conduct of buyers. Web based life will end up being valuable as a fair instance of new mechanical advancement that is having an unimaginable impact in the relationship of today. In time past, the web based life impelled developments were seen as an area. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Effect Social media on the consumer buying behavior model" essay for you Create order Regardless, time has disproved that. We have seen the world being changed step by step by these new total advances, which is giving another might want to relationship with impacts which were never considered to exist at first. Web-based social networking gives the one of a kind chance to utilize informal promoting to a boundless gathering of people, supporting shopper to-customer interchanges and propelling brand mindfulness through a huge scale interpersonal organization. Loyal Consumers Casual associations have furthermore transformed into where buyers race to show their steadfastness towards brands and the lifestyles they address. Apple purchasers leave no real way to march their latest advancement at these destinations and neither do Harley Davidson customers miss the chance to show their sturdiness. These locales by then hand-off these plans to all of the all-inclusive community in their framework. As needs be the point at which one individual creates something perfect about a brand on Facebook, the impact on that brands reputation on others in the social affair is massive. This is by virtue of people are most likely going to confide in the information that they get from their very own friends rather than far away sources since they trust their partners extensively more. Having the ability to talk about explicitly with a brand operator online can fabricate a customers faithfulness to your association by setting up an individual affiliation that the purchaser presumably wont have the ability to achieve with various associations. Despite when the customer has a protest, if your agent is capable, benevolent and seeing, a noteworthy piece of the purchasers rage can be died down. Regardless of the way this is equivalent to a customer advantage authority working in a store with an irate advocate present, the online condition empowers your association to take as much time as vital in itemizing the best response and ensures consistency in responses to different customers. The voice of a new consumer Today, most affiliations are principally captivated by uniting electronic life into the business structures of their affiliation; yet dont have a real know-how of what online life is about. They in like manner dont have an indisputable channel to discover the gain that these developments hold for them. In an audit finished in 2009 by McKinsey and Company, it was discovered that with the reasonable usage of the web based systems administration an extensive proportion of affiliations could benefit by each other in courses, for instance, sharing of considerations, correspondence ending up better and the workplace condition getting the opportunity to be progressed. The regard that online life incorporates affiliations is tremendous as a growing number of affiliations are currently supporting and abusing the distinctive open entryways in web based life mechanical improvement. Cooperating on the web requires that your association misuse any and each opportunity to talk with customers. Online life areas allow more conspicuous reach than at some other time, with centered correspondences that about accreditation your associations message is gotten. Individual to individual correspondence also empowers correspondence to go both ways, making insight among associations and customers that has had a few direct ramifications for buyer lead. Making a virtual home for your business on an online life website offers you expansive opportunities to manufacture your deceivability with purchasers. Welcoming them to the site thinks about free correspondence. On the customer end, regardless, that open door infers that a man would now have the capacity to voice his or her estimation about your thing or association in a semi-open setting where different people can examine or see it. Regardless of the way that this endeavors further bolstering your associations advantage if the conclusion is perfect, an unpleasant remark possibly could take off business. Eradicating the negative messages from pages you control is simply not completely feasible, as the investigator can post the negative evaluations elsewhere, or even develop a page focused on the negative end and your oversight sharpens. Since relational associations are proposed to make information easy to share, the opposite columnist can then easily get the message to others inside the framework. Individual to individual correspondence thinks about the dissipating of a great deal of information around an association or thing. This information isnt compelled to what your association alone puts out there, in light of the way that various goals inside an online life orchestrate are devoted to buyer accumulated information. The extended openness has changed the essential client into a pro. Preceding making a purchase, the purchaser can sign on to an online life framework and see what different people consider your things and how you handle customer advantage. The more information available, the more plausible the client will settle on the acquiring choice that meets his or her necessities and that most likely wont be your associations items in case others have itemized negative experiences. Branding Scientists for the most part perceive the significance of the idea of marking as it applies to item and showcasing advancement (Campelo, et al., 2014; Keller, 1993). Original work on the long-standing ways to deal with understanding marking mirrored the association between marking procedure and advertising. A brand can be characterized as a name, term, sign, image, or plan, or blend of them which is proposed to distinguish the products and enterprises of one vender or gathering of dealers and to separate them from those of contenders. Explicit brands can incorporate various diverse brand personalities through which affiliations are made dependent on focal brand qualities. Shoppers every now and again survey brands, make correlations between like brands, and settle on buying choices dependent on brand connection. In arrangement with this view, mark significance stretches out from social develops identified with the brand and customer recognitions that depend on both brand examinations and marking procedures (Campelo, et al., 2014). The social component of marking is a standout amongst the hugest parts of how marking shapes the focal point of promoting. In the case of taking a gander at Nike items or electric vehicles, the messages used in marking techniques turn into the safeguard that buyers use to decide their buying choices. Campelo and partners (2014) kept up that marking is frequently affected by social discernments, including the esteem that people put on the brand, and social weights, including the social messages that others put on brand proprietorship. Esteem connected to marking is impacted by segments of the brand procedure, including brand message and brand learning. Brand Related Social Media Brand faithfulness turns into an expanding center when organizations think about the utilization of online networking. Facebook, for instance, has in excess of 955 million dynamic clients, the greater part of whom sign on in any event once every month. About portion of Facebook clients get to their records every day, either by means of the web based stage or through their versatile application. Because of this across the board utilize, sponsors see Facebook and other online life stages as the most useful innovation to present brand-related substance and advance band affiliations. While organizations consider Facebook to be a way to advance brand mindfulness and gain customer consideration, not the majority of the reactions to promoting in web based life are sure. While mark related substance is being presented at an expanding rate in the Facebook stage, web based life based promoting is some of the time seen as an undesirable component, and organizations must know about how purchaser reactions to their ads can affect the estimation of that mark related substance. Specialists have kept up that it is critical that organizations perceive that the way toward presenting promoting and mark related substance in online networking requires an investigation of the substance and an emphasis on bran Brand society habitually outline reliant on the proximity of brand trustworthiness and helpful response to stamp driven substance. While making a web based life closeness for a brand, the headway of this kind of system requires an appreciation of how electronic life capacities and how stamp systems function through the usage of online life. Brand social order are included individuals who take an intrigue and demonstrate a relationship to the basic information, substance, or materials that are being shared in the system. This can consolidate examination on things, responses to new things, supported segments that shape decisions about interest in the system, and procedures to make a social affiliation that has eager or socially decided experiential parts, including making a sentiment of having a place. A key part for pioneers like Facebook is to make social affiliations and make associating with conditions (Laroche, Habibi, and Richard, 2013). This suggests individuals may be asked to participate in substance by activities organized into the plan. For example, content about an explicit brand may appear on Facebook, associated with a mans Web examine for an unequivocal thing. The client is then asked for to Like (show underwriting) or Offer the substance (demonstrating support by publically giving the information to other individuals) (Wallace, Buil, de Chernatony, and Hogan, 2014). These direct endeavors associate with the individuals in a cooperation that energizes them settle on decisions around things and offers contribution to marketing specialists-based network building. Consumer Advertisement Verbal publicizing has reliably been an imperative bit of achieving bargains for an association. No commercial is as convincing as having someone you trust recommends a thing or organization. With online life, verbal publicizing can go worldwide in a minute with a lone message sent from a singular buyer. With a couple of frameworks, the buyer can talk with countless at the snap of a catch, viably spreading a message about your association. Clearly, this has its inconveniences, as negative information is essentially spread by this ultra-interpretation of verbal trade as positive information is by all accounts. Brand Awareness and Buying Intention Early inclusion in a purchasers basic leadership process can decide if they proceed to the following stages or not. This does not ensure that early contribution will convert into acquiring goal yet it shows that early inclusion or early social acknowledgment and brand mindfulness can guarantee that the item stays on the up and up of conceivable obtaining options (Hutter, Hautz, Denhardt, and Fuller, 2013). As the purchaser moves further along all the while, evaluative structures and basic leadership techniques are more individualized and may take more time to play out. For instance, if a customer is taking a gander at a top of the line car, they may instantly discount seven unique brands for brand-explicit, information based reasons. They may likewise preclude these brands on account of online life portrayals of brands, shopper remarks on explicit brands, and social systems that shape mark discernments (Hutter, Hautz, Denhardt, and Fuller, 2013). When the customer proceeds onward to the following stage where mark observation never again quickly shapes their reaction, choices might be founded on another level of discernments that can be affected by web based life, including the shoppers needs, qualities, and interests, and the qualities and interests of those in their social aggregate (Hutter, Hautz, Denhardt, and Fuller, 2013; Yuksel, Bilim, and Yuksel, 2014). Choices are not generally as straightforward as choosing an item or not; frequently shoppers wind up looking for better methods for assessing an item and seek interpersonal organizations for brand or item pieces of information. The extending usage of web based life has incited a critical move in the best approach to manage looking for after buyer check care and making relationship between brand care and mean to buy. A key move is how marks are no more basically static descriptors or affiliations, yet live as a bit of a social method. Brands are as of now observed as a ceaseless social process whereby regard is co-made in the trade and exchanges of various accomplices. Brand care and brand regard, by then, are associated with social joint efforts and the response inside casual networks in which regard transforms into a segment of exchange as a bit of social instruments. Experts are dynamically aware of the social thought of brands and the essentialness of brand associations in making worth and supporting buyer fundamental initiative. Collective Value Creation At the point when mark networks are produced, social recognizable proof in the network and social drivers assume a job in the making of significant worth. The utilization of internet based life to make these networks associates the developing innovation use with the improvement of significant worth making rehearses in business conditions (Schau, Muniz, and Arould, 2009). These people group help to make an incentive by sharing data, creating extra roads to help utilization, making dynamic and essential reactions to items and building up a main impetus for commercialization (Schau, Muniz, and Arould, 2009). Most analysts perceive that these components fall into two unique classes: components made the organization (firm-made), and components made by clients (client produced) (Schivinski and Dabroswki, 2014). Often, internet based life stages like Facebook bolster a high level of client created content that can be utilized to help social practices around items and upgrade mark acknowledg ment (Wang, Yu, and Wei, 2012). Probably the most useful assets identified with the utilization of online networking to help purchaser basic leadership mirror the social instruments engaged with making aggregate esteem. Socialization around explicit brand desires and learning can impact basic leadership and shape the manner in which purchasers survey mark based data. In a similar light, peer correspondences and social instruments can likewise impact how purchasers see firm-made substance (Wang, Yu and Wei, 2012). As often as possible, mark esteem and buying choices are connected more to the quality of companion correspondences and social instruments supporting brand picture, as opposed to the firm-made substance accessible in promoting sections. These components bolster the conviction that esteem is lined up with brand mindfulness (and the instruments that help mindfulness), and these components in this way impact how shoppers react to a brand or item. Strategic Approaches From a general perspective, most sponsors conviction that social responsibility through advancing requires a strange condition of appreciation of the goals of both the customers and the associations in making a web based life proximity. What is rarely tended to be the manner in which that electronic life stages give a setting to the new development of brand identity and for both useful and critical explanations of brand commitment. Electronic life makes a scene through which PC based casual correspondence would altogether be able to affect the brand picture. Since one purchaser can accomplish hundreds if not a colossal number of enthusiasts in a singular post, associations must convey their approaches to manage directing casual networks beforehand making an online closeness. This now and again occurs early of the introduction of the association in online talks. Or maybe, customer duty that isnt sure is regularly the primary marker that the association needs to apply revolve around directing for negative internet organizing responses. Thusly, customer delivered content, which has been assessed as a gainful gadget in making purchaser duty, isnt commonly the fundamental choice for a few associations. Conclusion Growing usage of web based life worldwide has incited the conviction this is a noteworthy instrument in supporting customer responsibility. Associations are reliably looking for new procedures for accomplishing buyers and for framing customer works on, including brand unwavering quality and expect to buy. The changing inventive period has provoked extended activity in casual network stages like Facebook, YouTube and Twitter, all of which have influenced frameworks through which buyers to can make liking and make collaborations with image express substance. Associations that are capable at planning indispensable approaches to manage the use of casual association stages are most likely going to be best in accomplishing, attracting, and keeping up a purchaser base pushing ahead. Parts that affect stamp acknowledgment and expect to buy join things like the social instrument that drive client perspectives, and the points of view of others posted showed in web based systems administration posts. A rising imperative spotlight is on the use of customer delivered content, content that is made by clients in light of express brands or brand requests and effects the perspective of various buyers. This kind of fundamental procedure requires an abnormal state of upkeep and associations utilizing this methodology should be set up to allot a displaying organization to the organization of online customer associations.

Purchasing Ielts Essay Topics 2017

Purchasing Ielts Essay Topics 2017 Ielts Essay Topics 2017: the Ultimate Convenience! In addition, there are daily practice activities on our FB page. If you're not acquainted with a topic, utilize the net to learn more. The pressure from the media is intense and there's minimal privacy from the spotlight. Even just 60 minutes daily can create a significant difference. Other folks think that it has to be managed by individuals. Some folks think that they should rather spend more time in teaching skills which may help students find work. For example, they can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet. Following current topics utilized in 2017 is important for success in IELTS. Breastfeeding should be permitted in public places. Introduction People appear to be either excited or worried about the upcoming effects of artificial intelligence. Questions can vary from topics like the classroom to the curriculum. Picking an emotional topic is also a great idea. Other individuals feel that it's important to rest the mind during leisure time. All people ought to be vegetarian. Some people think that money is easily the most important component for achieving happiness. They are happy to spend the whole of their life living in the same area. Other individuals think that consumer culture has played a very important part in improving our lives. Consumer goods have come to be the main portion of people's lives. Children in some sections of the world have less responsibility in comparison with children before. A survival program should grow to be a must-have for every single family in the event of natural disasters. One of the greatest approaches to change anybody's mind is with an emotional investment. Some people believe that the very best approach to cut back crimes is to apply longer prison sentences, other folks feel there are better methods of doing this. Firstly, among the principal reasons why it's advantageous for students to live alone is they become totally independent of their parents and can think for themselves. The point is that someone with a wide ranging vocabulary needs to be in a position to speak about any of the common essay topics easily using words that are particular to that topic. The essay is all about the advantages and drawbacks of IT, so these will have to be discussed in distinct paragraphs. 1 approach to compose an error free essay is to get a number of handy phrases that it is possible to adapt to any essay task that you face. When you practice writing Task 2 essays, attempt to use this vocabulary in the appropriate form and in various questions. If you've taken the IELTS test recently, then it's possible to post your question for different students to check at. Students need to be careful about posting on social networking. To compose an excellent argumentative essay the students first must investigate several sides of the argument, which permits them to make an educated stance. Now you've given your opinion, you have to back this up. It is very important to be aware that it isn't important what your opinion is! Talk about your viewpoint on this problem. Talk about both opinions and provide your own opinion.

Case Study for Strategic Analysis of General Electric- Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Strategic Analysis of General Electric. Answer: Introduction: The following reports tends to evaluate the multitudes of strategic decision making processes applied by the company in terms of increasing market share, mitigating the level of risks pertaining to engagements in financial and technological sectors. Application of numerous sets of strategic management tools taking into consideration the industry dynamics along with the diversity in terms of operations of GE are made. The implementation of balanced scorecard method was made in order to assess the companys strategies in terms of multiple criterions primarily the financials, consumer perspectives regarding the company. Moreover, evaluation of leadership of Jack Welch and Jeff Immelt has been made in regards to strategies, corporate restructuring policies along with discussion on whose approach can be followed by the company. Core competences: The company has succeeded towards creation of major degree of core competence both in terms of external measures such as market consolidation, ability to penetrate newer markets rapidly through usage of knowledge gained in course of operating in other markets (Geenergyfinancialservices.com. 2016). De Barros and Medeiros (2013) stated that underpinnings pertaining to prevailing market conditions tends to facilitate intense rivalry between firms, and those firms that succeeds towards creating synergies among its different sets of operations tends to benefit majorly. The presence of GE in various high growth industries enhanced the companys ability at transferring the degree of risk from one industry domain onto another. Moreover, Krl and Krlov (2016) states the fact that higher degree of market presence results towards enhancement of market exposure by the firms thereby assisting towards collection of material information on lesser time frame than its competitors. Operations in over 17 0 countries worldwide has facilitated towards gaining higher quantum of market exposure enabling the company in policymaking and strategizing taking into changing market dynamics. Zentner (2015) advocated the fact that in order to improve revenue generation capability and streamlining introduction of newer sets of products, upkeep of relevant advancement in technology and strategy is prerequisite. Moreover, reliance on emerging global trends in order to undertake future expansionary measures facilitates towards creation of entry barriers by the company once it is able to capital upon such trends (GE Capital Global Holdings. 2016). In terms of internal competencies the company employs the best talents around the globe for its operations and has succeed in bringing in high level of diversity in workplace through recruitment of accountants, auditors, engineers, physicists amongst others (Financial Times. 2016). Strategic analysis comprises of evaluation of a firms current and prospective frameworks of operations. Strategy analysis is focused upon the investigation of the degree of alignment of the firms strategy with that of its long-term objectives. Moreover, it aims towards ensuring that the co-ordination among the companys different sets of financing, operating along with the investing activities is complementary to each other. General Electric has operations in over 170 countries with employee strength of over 330,000 as based on data available on December 2015 (Ge.com. 2016). In terms of stock market operations, the company has been listed in NYSE, Euronext Paris and London Stock Exchange among others. The company is engaged in several businesses pertaining to aviation, healthcare, lighting, transportation, power generation, energy resources, electricity, oil gas distribution, renewal energy and capital (Ge.com. 2016) General Electric Corporations is engaged in multiple sectors comprising of operations in power generation and hydro generations, healthcare services along with providing capital procurements towards different sets of industries. The company was founded in 1892 and has its headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts. The products offered by GE includes electricity and water distribution facilities, energy products comprising of petroleum and LPG products, aerospace engines, electrical motors, healthcare services and software solutions to other industries. The company, after a tumultuous financial period leading to downgrading of its securities and large financial losses with regards to GE Capital, the primary source of revenue generation by GE, has focused upon gaining market share through offering innovative products. Moreover, the company has increased expenditure pertaining to research and development and aims towards introducing newer sets of services and products that stretches its pro duct line and results in catering to larger segment of the markets (ge.com. 2016). The major sets of competitors of General Electric comprise mainly the electrical appliances companies. Primary among such competitors are Emerson Electric Company, NACCO Industries, Harman International, Sony Corporation and Whirlpool Corporation (NASDAQ.com. 2016). In case of its healthcare services the company faces major competition from Toshiba Corporations along with Siemens and Phillips Healthcare (Hoovers.com. 2016). The oil and natural gas unit of GE has Baker Hughes Incorporated, Schlumberger Omnes, Inc. and Archrock Inc competing against the company (NASDAQ.com. 2016) Figure 1: Portfolio of GE over the Years (Source: ge.com, 2016) The major recalibrations made by the GE Group in terms of changes made in portfolio are aimed towards diversifying its activities amongst healthcare, energy and financial services sectors. Moreover, even though transportation business has displayed large profit margins, the company has not taken initiative towards expansion of its investing activities pertaining to transportation services and products. Moreover, large acquisition of firms known for their innovations in healthcare provides evidence that the firm focuses on diversifying from its core businesses to include newer sets of portfolio that increases the overall portfolio returns along with high growth prospects. Relevant Strategies: The immediate objective of GE should be to improvise upon its global presence in coming up with newer sets of products that tends to cater to the emerging trends in global markets such as investments in solar powered energies. Moreover, portfolio of the company needs to include higher percentage of application-based technologies. Further, inclusion of research and development of Artificial Intelligence can result in heightened degree of financial prospects as the sector provides major returns on investments. Much of GEs woes came from the fact that the company has been a conglomerate and despite reducing the number of sectors from companys portfolio, the firm has been unsuccessful at repeating the levels of earnings that it previously did. Thereby dissemination of a portion of the company, onto sectors that have high growth rate but current returns from which showcases inadequacy, can in fact improve the decision-making and strategizing activities. Further, with the advent of nuclear non-proliferation treaty the company can cater to significant amount of foreign governments towards meeting their energy requirements using nuclear energy. Figure 2: Snapshot of company strategies in accordance with market trends (Source: ge.com. 2016) Balanced Scorecard Framework: Balance scorecard enables organizations, both profitable and non-profitable ones, in evaluating the degree of deviations of the companys financial and operating performance from its strategic objectives (Schmidt. 2015). The balance scorecard approach presents managers with four sets of strategic analysis alternatives to assess the degree of non-alignment between business decisions and the strategies of organizations. Moreover, Gobble (2012) states that through assessing growth prospects, internal operations, enhanced value creation for its consumers in accordance with effective financial and management and policy making the degree of non alignment can be gauged. Figure 3: Balanced Scorecard Framework (Source: As created by the Author) Perspectives on Business and Internal Processes: The strategic shifts in GEs operations through higher priority for its financial services along with the infrastructural businesses are a result of corporate restructuring. Divestments from activities that has slow growth rate and entering into businesses with stronger growth prospects is a priority for the company and shifting of its business from consumer electronics to financial services showcases the strategic shifts in portfolio management. Presence of the company in 170 countries provided scope for initiating cultural diversity at workplace. Moreover, contributions towards growth and revenue earning abilities of the company followed by larger pool of prospective employees to choose from has enabled the company towards bringing in various sets of expansions in operations into day to day operations in order to improvise upon business decision making of the company. Financial Perspectives: Longer-term strategies of GE focus on recalibrating the business portfolio in terms of reducing the beta factors from its broad set of investments. The degree of dependence upon GE Capital as the primary source of revenue of the GE Group has to be reduced over time. The volatility in regards to the financial sector followed by weaker sets of regulation imposed by the Federal Reserve and the SEC has vitiated the reliability of revenue generation from financial services (Geenergyfinancialservices.com. 2016). However, diversification in terms of portfolio through mitigating risks from sectors and operations providing low rates of growth onto investments that have high growth prospects can improvise the overall, financial performance along with efficiency and solvency position of the company. Customer Perspectives: The company expanded its presence in the electronics market through newer sets of domestic and industrial appliances (Ge.com. 2016). Through facilitating diagnostic instruments such as CT and MRI scanners in its healthcare services the company and expansions of its healthcare services through numerous acquisitions of diagnostics units GEs objectives was to improve its perception of a reliable brand among its customer base (Ge.com. 2016). Assisting consumers towards the decision-making processes regarding selection of products that compliments their activities and preferences can be beneficial for GE in terms improving the customer retention statistics. Benefits of a long product line catering to large segments of market can lead towards the consolidating the brand image among consumers. Learning and Growth Perspectives: GE has managed to diversify its business operations on multiple occasions based upon the emerging sets of opportunities that came up in the manufacturing services. The diminution of its income prospects as an aftermath of the global financial crisis resulted in stringent sets of policy implementations (Sorkin, 2015). Moreover, the potential opportunities in financial sectors around the globe have resulted in larger proportion of GE Capital in the overall portfolio. Over 65% of the GE groups revenue arises from markets outside the United States, resulting in higher growth prospects in markets such as South Asia and the Middle East. GEs business is growing at double-digit figures in emerging markets. Whereas, in rising economies such as Brazil, China in addition to India the growth figures are even larger touching growth rates of over 20% (ge.com. 2016). Moreover, despite a high growth in its transportation businesses GEs automotive and locomotive businesses continue to be outside of i ts core businesses. Company Strategies The primary strategy pertaining to GE shall have to be lesser degree of reliance upon financial services despite GE Capital coming close to asset and capital management capabilities of large banks such as CITIGROUP, Goldman Scahs and Bank Of America. The secondary strategy should be towards diversification of activities onto newer domains that stands to gain huge profits over longer terms such as Artificial Intelligence, Solar Energy and Super Sonic Aviation. Higher expenditure on product innovations, more emphasis upon marginal expansion, and optimal allocations of financial and non-financial resources is what the GES strategy is based upon. Creation of new sets of growth framework is to be prioritized by the companys higher management. Increasing sets of investments in the fundamental technology sector followed by incremental participation of the company into coupling of manufacturing and advisory services can be beneficial towards streamlining the present policy implementation. Th e initiation of converging advisory services along with product innovation has beneficial for the company in the recent past. For instance after initiating the Durathon Plant, the company focused upon providing consultation and assistance regarding the selection of battery sources and configuration that solves the energy requirements of its consumers. Moreover, the company has to reinstate its strategies in the energy sector in a manner of reducing manufacturing of energy products that yield low sales volume. Instead, the company should foster divergence of its strategies into reselling products of other manufacturers in markets that GE has a better accessibility than such manufacturers. GE has had been able to showcase the reinvention of its marketing strategy that puts emphasis upon capitalizing on competitors lack of market exposure as compared to GE (Albany Business Review., 2016). The company should be cautious towards acceptance of large-scale acquisition spree whereby the con straints of becoming a market leader are heightened through ambiguous preferences of consumers and complex nature of products. The past year saw the operations of GE diversifying into consulting services about financial instruments followed by an initiative to increase its presence towards energy storage sector as the company recalibrated its aims to capitalize upon emerging issues pertaining to energy requirements (Geenergyfinancialservices.com. 2016). Discussion on Jeff Immelt and Jack Welchs approach towards managing General Electric: Jack Welch was instated as the CEO of General Electric in the year 1981 following an exit of Reginald Jones. Welch focused upon expansion of the company through diversifying activities from its initial business of electricity, power and lighting of the company into newer sectors such as financial services, automation, and medical apparatus (The Economist. 2016). Under his guidance, the management approach along with the company approach has been towards providing products that are simple in nature but has high amount of functionality. In terms of management decision-making approach, Welch has been instrumental towards bringing in concepts of constructive conflicts in functioning of operations and production managers. Moreover, Jack Welch advocated the prevention of bureaucratic processes ongoing at the time he joined General Electric and implemented management reforms that are focused upon improving the quantum of openness, linearity in decision-making and fostering of creative atmos phere (The Economist. 2016). During his tenure as CEO of GE, Jack Welch had initiated massive restructuring pertaining to the companys portfolio. His decisions pertaining to acquisition has aimed at industries that had high rate of growth along with incremental returns over the long periods. Moreover, he recalibrated the organizational structure of the company through massive job cuts and eliminated multilayered hierarchy of the management. Massive forms of restructuring through sellout of business with low profit and inclusion of sectors onto the company portfolios that have been amongst the topmost achievers in their domain has been key trademark of Jack Welchs approach (Financial Times. 2016). Moreover, such restructuring resulted towards movement of the company into technology driven industry domains along with service sectors. Under Welchs management, the line managers were provided targets pertaining to cost of production and budgetary costs regardless of the prevailing market conditions. Further, Jack Welch changed the process of procuring annual and quarterly financial targets through transferring the target setting procedures from the purview of line managers onto the accounts controller. The high amount of paper work involved in the budgetary processes were replaced through use of five page standard playbook that tends to present the shortcoming and functional issues faced by the company (Financial Times. 2016). Jack Welch initiated the process of imbibing and developing leadership skills among the lower managements along with management trainees through enhanced exposure of the companys decision-making culture, introduction of mentoring scheme along with provision of high incentives. He also introduced the performance based bonus system in place for the higher and mid level managerial personnel and such initiatives resulted towards heightening the process of talent recognition. Prior to his retirement, Jack Welch focused towards rewarding the top 20% performing employees while relieving the bottom 10% of their duties from the company thus providing the employees with the impetus of working efficiently to get into the top 20% or face the risks of relegation to the bottom 10%. The implementation of six sigma function in the operations of General Electric can be attributed to Welch post which the deliverance of production, service and line managers improved considerably Gary Hamel (Harvard Bus iness Review. 2012). The emergence of GE Capital occurred during the Welch Era which resulted in the financial service section of the company becoming the largest source of revenues for the company (Mycc.cambridgecollege.edu. 2016). GE Capital amassed a vast segment of financial services sector providing all forms of services in terms of capital procurement, investment activities, trading, medical and health insurances along with loan advisory services (Geenergyfinancialservices.com. 2016). In times where diversification policies were experiencing massive financial downturn resulting in unpopularity of such policies, Jack Welch continued diversifying GEs activities resulting and thereby highlighted the substantial opportunity of high income and mitigation of tailed risks from one industry to another. Figure 3: General Electric portfolio in 2001 (Source: ge.com 2016) The initiative undertaken by the GE management under the leadership of Jack Welch resulted in globalization of business operations with widespread expansion in market activities outside of North America. These expansionary measures resulted towards implementing knowledge derived from a separate market based in a separate geographical location onto other markets that GE operated in (The Economist. 2016). Moreover, the process of market penetration and consolidating activities were streamlined during Welchs tenure creating an overall synergy enhancement by parallel developments of diversification and market expansion (The Economist. 2016). During the tenure of Welch, the business portfolio saw an increase by manifolds through inclusion of GE Aircraft, GE Plastics, GE Capital and GE Specialty Materials. Moreover, awarding Welch with the CEO of the Century title during 1999 highlights the enormous contribution he had upon GE. Jeff Immelt took over the role of CEO in the year 2001 from his predecessor Jack Welch bringing in management style and strategic decision making that were vastly divergent to that of his predecessor. Immelt followed a policy of improving the morale and levels of motivation pertaining to the employees and managerial personnel of GE through limiting the quantum of stringent performance evaluation that prevailed during Jack Welchs time (Harvard Business Review. 2012). Moreover, the level of job insecurity that was prevailing at GE prior to Immelts joining has dropped considerably with Immelt bringing in newer sets of policies that focused more upon integration and employee co-ordination rather than employee motivation (Financial Times. 2016). The occurrence of 9/11 right after his appointment as CEO followed by large sets of financial scandals in the North American markets led towards exacerbating investors grievances along with skepticism on the part of various other stakeholders conc ludes Gary Hamel (Harvard Business Review. 2012). The imminent result was a faltering in the stock prices of the company by magnitudes unseen by its investors. Immelt reiterated the fact the objective of the management should be to foster long-term growth instead of focusing upon policies that tends to cater to short terms instances of high profit margins and EBITDA (Sorkin. 2015). Under his leadership, the transparency of the companys financial and operating activities was enhanced and facilitated improved dissemination of information pertaining to the customers, creditors, corporate regulators and industrial community. Jeff Immelt initiated the processes of parlance between the degrees of diversifying activities in terms of conglomeration along with fostering creation of subsidiaries that were market leaders in their respective sectors. Immelt laid down newer sets of strategies through identification of emerging issues that are anticipated to have repercussions globally such as imminent energy crisis, shifts in manufacturing and production, globalization of RD activities in production industries, nanotechnology in addition to emergence of technology driven healthcare facilities (ge.com. 2016). Figure 2: GE portfolio in 2012 (Source: ge.com 2016) In during the mid 2000s Immelt announced restructuring of GEs portfolio, thereby reducing dependency on plastics and insurance business. Whereas on the other hand, taking up the level of financial services and capital lending by the firm onto higher proportion of the total portfolio (Krl and Krlov, 2016). Jeff Immelt reinstated the performance benchmark pertaining to the company through setting up targets of achieving growth rate at 200-300% of that of global GDP rate. However, the performance analysis pertaining to the company displayed the fact that in terms of revenue figures not much improvement can be seen after Jeff Immelt took over. Moreover, the return on equity along with the ROIC has dropped from the levels of 26% and 27% in 2001 to 14.2% and 11.9% in 2012 thereby highlighting a fall in investors earnings (Ge.com. 2016). The strategies Immelt followed towards lowering dependency of GE on financial services and increasingly diversifying its activities onto technology driven services and manufacturing heavy activities assisted GE towards mitigating repercussions of financial crisis. Figure 4: Proposed restructuring of GE portfolio. (Source: ge.com 2016) Expansion of its global operations in both emerging and developed markets along with up gradation of product manufacturing base has been initiated under the leadership of Immelt. The reposition of GE by Immelt onto sectors that are manufacturing and technology based led to lowering the quantum of exposure to the global financial crisis with creation of buffer (The Economist. 2015). During current tenure of Jack Immelt, the company oversaw massive strategic shifts as GE recalibrated itself for nuclear-based power plant services along with entering the healthcare sector through manufacturing high resolution imaging devices for medical diagnostics. The comparison amongst the leadership of Jack Welch and Jeff Immelt highlights the fact that under Welch the company has undergone massive expansionary measures and diversification whereas under Immelt the company has showcase higher levels of adaptability to prevailing market conditions. In terms of present volatile business scenarios, GE requires a manager who will be able to foresee the restructuring of portfolio according to market opportunities. Moreover, in order to alleviate the revenue generation margins the company has to set up stricter targets for its managers and employees to achieve. Thereby, for diversification of activities Jeff Immelts style of leadership is preferable over that of Jack Welch. However, massive depletion in the levels of returns displays the fact that Jeff Immelt has largely been unsuccessful at carrying on the quantum of market consolidation as that of his predecessor. Thereby, it can be assumed that Jack Welch leadership would have been more preferab le for GE over that of Jeff Immelt. Conclusion: The portfolio of GE has displayed considerable changes over the years displaying the level of dynamism that such company has been subjected to under the leadership of Jack Welch previously followed by Jeff Immelt. The company witnessed highest degree of expansion under the guidance of Jack Welch. However, the strategies implemented by Jack Welch during his tenure pertaining to the incentive structure focused upon short-term profitability and financial benefit based on employee performance instead of focusing upon value creation in terms of product services. GE should be able to put more amount of focus on the present position of the firm by focusing on the reshaping of the policies for the business by way of the setting up of the health care facilities, energy sector, and broadcasting and entertainment facilities. 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